No shield spell. This applies to PCs, NPCs, and monsters.
Potions require an action to drink and cannot be administered to unconcious targets.
A creature does not gain the bonus from their dexterity modifier to their AC if they are surprised. While a creature is grappled, they lose the bonus from their dexterity modifier to their armor class, and that creature also does not gain bonus to AC from shield. These may apply to other situations at the DMs discretion.
Resting: Resting is broken into four tiers of success; 'No Sleep', 'Rough Sleep', 'Good Sleep', and 'Long Rest'. Hit die are restored at the rate of 1 per day and can be used after waking up from a rough sleep, a good sleep, or a long rest. No Sleep: Requirements: No sleep over a period of 24 hours. Effects: Player gains two levels of exhaustion. Rough Sleep: Requirements: Player sleeps for ~6 hours, but their rest was either interrupted or uncomfortable. Effects: Player does not get the full benefits of a short rest, but also does not incur exhaustion. Half of the players maximum hit die can be used to restore hit points. Good Sleep: Requirements: Player sleeps for 6+ hours, comfortably. Effects: Players gain the full benefits of a short rest. Additionally, one point of exhaustion is removed. Players may use all available hit die. Long Rest: Requirements: Player is able to rest comfortably, without straining themselves physically or mentally for 5 days. (Example: fighting, casting spells, physical labor, intensive researching). Effects: Player gain the full benefits of a long rest. All levels of exhaustion are removed. Leveling: Players must be in the safety of a city, town, or stronghold to level up. Additionally, they must take a uninterrupted long rest; reflecting on thier successes and failures.